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Registry
Display a banner each time Windows boots
Start -> Run
Type regedit
Go to the key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESOFTWAREMicrosoftWindowsCurrentV ersionWinLogon
Create a new string value in the right pane named LegalNoticeCaption and enter the value that you want to see in the menubar
Create a new string value and name it LegalNoticeText. Modify it and insert the message you want to display each time Windows boots.
Windows
Shutting down Windows the fastest way
Start -> Run
Type rundll.exe user.exe,exitwindows
Internet Explorer
Your browser logo shows something other than the IE logo. Maybe you have installed your ISP software and you have a different logo on the top right. How do you remove it?
Close all browser windows
Start -> Run
Type RunDLL32.EXE IEdkcs32.dll,Clear
Click on OK, and start Internet Explorer. You should find the old spinning IE logo.
Linux
General Commands
How to write a boot image from your hard disk to a floppy
Put a blank floppy into the drive, go to the boot image directory and type
dd if=boot.img of=/dev/fd0
How to copy the boot image from your hard disk to a floppy
Put the boot floppy into the drive and type
dd if=/dev/fd0 of=floppy.img
How to search for a file arul.jpg recursively in your Unix account
find ~/ -name "arul.jpg"
How to display all the processes running on the host
ps -af
How to check the current quota and tell how much you have used
quota
How to check disk space in a directory (say /usr)
du -s -H /usr
How to report size (in kBytes) of all enclosed directories (recursive)
du -k
How to report size (in kBytes) of all enclosed directories (non-recursive)
du -ms *
How to list login IDs of users currently logged in to the system
users
How to change the permanent information kept by the system about your logon ID
chfn
Administrator commands
access a windows (only FAT or FAT32) partition (say hda2) under linux
mount -t vfat /dev/hda2 /win
allow root user and other users(where user id=500) to get rw permission for that windows partition
mount -t vfat -o uid=500 /dev/hda2 /win
list all device files corresponding to hda
fdisk -l /dev/hda
track down symbolic links, for example, to see where xterm points to
namei /usr/X11/bin/xterm
print Linux version information
uname -r
measure hard disk speed
hdparm -tT /dev/hda
print hardware summary
more /proc/cpuinfo
check inode usage of all mounted partitions
df -i
monitoring the system for the growth of a file
tail -f /var/log/messages
RPM commands
install an rpm package (foo-1.0-2.i386.rpm)
rpm -ivh foo-1.0-2.i386.rpm
uninstall an rpm package (foo-1.0-2.i386.rpm)
rpm -e foo
upgrade an rpm package (foo-1.0-2.i386.rpm)
rpm -Uvh foo-1.0-2.i386.rpm
query the rpm package (foo-1.0-2.i386.rpm)
rpm -q foo
display all the installed rpm packages
rpm -qa
display all the installed rpm packages having string "yahoo"
rpm -qa | grep -i "yahoo"
query the rpm package owning file, say ls
rpm -qf /bin/ls
display the rpm package information (foo-1.0-2.i386.rpm)
rpm -qi foo
query a specific rpm package (whether installed or not)
rpm -qp foo.bar
check an rpm signature package (foo-1.0-2.i386.rpm)
rpm --checksig foo
Switching from Lilo to Windows boot loader
Login as root by entering:
su
Then edit /etc/lilo.conf by entering:
emacs /etc/lilo.conf
If you use any other editor, use it instead of emacs.
Insert the line
default=windows
First make sure you have the following lines in your lilo.conf
other = /dev/hda1
label = windows
After that, effect the changes by entering:
lilo
Essential emacs commands
FILE AND BUFFERS
C-x C-f Find or Create file
C-x C-s Save file
C-x C-w Write to new filename (it prompts you)
C-x C-b Lists buffers
C-x C-c Quit emacs
COMMAND RELATED
ESC ESC ESC Cancelling whatever I am doing
C-g Abort command (like Ctrl C)
C-_ or C-x u Undo/Redo (toggles)
C-z Suspend (to return, type %emacs)
A-x Run any command
CUTTING COPYING AND PASTING
C-k Cut text from cursor to end of line
C-y Paste text
C-space Mark the start for the block
C-w Mark the end of the block and CUT it
A-w Mark the end of the block and COPY it
FIND REPLACE a STRING
A-x replace-string ENTER String replace from cursor to end of buffer
A-x query-replace ENTER String replace with querying
A-% Search and replace (press y when prompted)
A-x grep ENTER Perform a 'grep' search
SCROLLING AND WINDOWS
C-x 1 One window on current buffer
C-x 2 Split window horizontally
C-x 3 Split window vertically
C-x o Shift between windows
C-x 0 Close current window
C-v Go forward one screen
A-v Go backward one screen
CURSOR MOVEMENT
A-v Beginning of buffer
C-v End of buffer
C-a Beginning of line
C-e End of line
A-f Forward one word
A-b Back one word
MORE
A-x what-line ENTER Display current line number
A-< C-u 20 C-n Go to line number 20
FTP (file transfer protocol)
This is mostly used to copy files between computers. It doesn't support compression. It is also not encrypted. This is how to transfer files.
To connect to foo.com
ftp foo.com
You will have to enter your username and password when prompted.
If the file being transferred is a binary file (yes, PDF and PS are binary files), type the following.
binary
To upload your file wolf.pdf to the directory in foo.com
cd /home/arul/backup
put wolf.pdf
To download the file arul.ps from the directory in foo.com
get arul.ps
If you have multiple files, use mget instead of get and mput instead of put.
To quit, type bye. This is just the basic file transfer using http://FTP. To check all the options using FTP, type man ftp from your shell prompt.by mc1__________________
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